Python bytes() Method

In this tutorial, we will understand about the python bytes() method and its uses.

The python bytes() method converts a given object and returns an immutable byte representation of a given object and data.

The syntax of bytes() method is

bytes(given_object, encoding,error)

If you like to use the mutable version you can try the bytearray() method.

Python bytes() Parameters

bytes() takes three optional parameters:

• given_object: The object that has to be converted.
• Encoding: String representation of the encoding method in case the given object is a string.
• error: Method to handle error in case conversion fails.

The given_object parameter can be used to initialize the byte array in the following ways:

• Integer: Returns array of size initialized to null.
• String: Return the bytes of the given string.
• Object: Just the buffer of the given object. 
• Iterable: An array of iterable size will return with elements equal to iterable elements.
• No Source: Returns array with size 0.

Now let’s see some examples of the bytes() method.

Example 1: How to convert integer to string using bytes().

int_value = 4

given_object = bytes(int_value)

print(given_object)

The output will be as follow.

b'\x00\x00\x00\x00'

Example 2: how to use bytes to convert string to bytes.

my_string = "Python Scholar"

given_object = bytes(my_string, 'utf-8')

print(given_object)

The output will be as follow.

b'Python Scholar'

Example 3: How to convert iterable to bytes.

my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

given_object = bytes(my_list)

print(given_object)

Output:

b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05'